History of computer

History of computer means the gradual change in the concept of time around fifth centuary,hindu philodopher developed a new method of counting from 1 to 9.After me the scientist Alkharism developed 0.In this way decimal system envolved.
the development of cunting started from the development of simple counting device called abacus.An abacus is the first manual calculating device.It consists of rectangular wooden frame with movable beats threaded with a spring or rods.It is d into two parts by a middle bar called 'heaven'& the part below the middle part is called 'earth'.There are five beats in each string of earth & two beats in each strings of heaven.In beat in the earth stands for one(1) & each beat on heaven stands for valfive(5).
#Nepiers bone
john napiers developed a method logarithm in 1614 AD to simpliphy the multiplication for that he invented a calculating device known as nepiers bone.
It was a set of number rods that could be used to multiply,divide&extract the rootsThe rods were called nepiers bone because they were made of bones.

#Willium Oughtred
He developed a manual calculating device called slide rulein 1620 A.Dit was based on logarithm.it is easy to find the product of quotient & any other function by alining two scales properly.

#Blaise pascal
Blaise pascal invented a calculating machine called pascaline or the adding machine in 1642.Pascal built the machine when he was only 17 years old.He developed that device to help hi father in his work.This machine could only add & subtract but it couldn’t multiply & divide.
the #Leibrity-Stepped Recknor
Gottfried Williem van Leibrity invented the first calculator called Step Recknor in 1671 which employed the stepped gear principalyhe calculator could not only add & subtract but it could also multiply & divide.

#Charles Babbage.
In the history of computer there have been very important achievement in the early 19 century.
Charles Babbage developed the idea of computing machines which could perform the calculation as well as could make logical decions.he designed the first computing machine called Difference enginein 1822 that could compute upto 20 decimal places.
Babbage further aimed at designing a machine that could accept input,processes & stores them & gives the printed output in the form holes so,he worked on the project to design analytical engine in 1833 to remove limitation of difference engine.
The idea of babbage can be summarized as:
-Memmory can be stored in a machine.
-The concept of B.I.T. was also proposed by him
-Data & programme instructions are fed by punch card.

Now a days all computers are based on it’s idea.So he is known as the father of computer

#Lady Agusta Ada Levelace
Ada corrected some of the errors & improved babbage.She suggested of using decimal number system.She is the first person to develop the programme by using the binary numbers so she is consider to be the first programmer in computer science.

#Dr.Herman Hollerith
Dr. Herman Hollerith who was a staticianon the census on USA in 1800 A.D. At that time,It was very difficult to complete the process of census that would take ten years.So he invented a calculating machine called tabulating machine.So to help in calculating the US census of 1890.
To develop card bases on the idea of Charles Babbage & use the tabulating machinesto reduce them with the help of tabulating machine the whole project .censuswas completed.He formed his own company named tabulating machinecompany in 1896 to commercially his invention.Later he in-corporated the tabulating machine company into IBM in 1924 which is the leading computer manufacture in world even today.



#DR.Howerd aiken
DR.Howard aiken developed an automatic calculating device called Mark first in 1937 but completed in 1944.It was also known as automatic sequence control calculator.
Mark-first computer was very huge in sieze having 51 feet length 8 feet height & 3 feet wide usinjg 1800 vacum tubes.It consists of 7,50,000 parts & weight approximately 32 tones.Cable connection were nearly about 500 miles tones.

#ABC
The Attensoff berry the computer was thewas the electromechamical digital computer built in 1937 by john.v.atansoff &cliffed berry.it introduces the binary arithmetic,regrative memory & logic circuit.this machine lie the foundation for the development of electronic digital computer.
ABC:
Electronic computer (atanasaffy berry computer.)
(1)ENIAC-(Electric Numerical Interegrator & Calculator)
ENIAC stands for electronic numerical integrator & calculator.It was the first large electronic digital computer developed by DR.John presper Eckerd & DR. John Mouchly in 1946.
It was beheld from 1800 vacum tubes &1700 registers.It’s power consuming capacity was 50,00,000 kilowatt.It occupied the space of 1800sq feet used for preferring ballistic weather prediction automic energy calculation of random number study.

(2)EDVAC
It stands for Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer.It was the first computer having the concept of stored programme developed by DR.John Van Newman.the key element to the van newman architecture was the cpu which allowed all computer function to be co-ordinated through a single source.he was regarded as father of store programme .It was completed in 1450.